Vitamin D and B12: the hidden deficiencies
Very common in India — and easy to check.
Despite plenty of sunshine, vitamin D deficiency is widespread in India, and vitamin B12 deficiency is also very common — especially among vegetarians. Both can cause vague symptoms that are easy to ignore, and both are simple to check with a blood test.
Vitamin D
Vitamin D helps your body absorb calcium and keeps bones and muscles strong. Low levels are common in people who spend most of the day indoors, cover most of their skin, are older, or are overweight.
- Possible symptoms: bone or back pain, muscle aches and weakness, tiredness, frequent illness.
- Results are often grouped as deficient (below 20 ng/mL), insufficient (20–29) and sufficient (30 and above), though ranges vary by lab.
Vitamin B12
B12 is needed for healthy nerves and red blood cells. It comes mainly from animal foods, so vegetarians are at higher risk. Some medicines, such as metformin and long-term acidity medicines, can also lower B12.
- Possible symptoms: tingling or numbness in hands and feet, weakness, tiredness, poor memory, mouth ulcers.
- Low B12 can also cause a type of anaemia.
Do I need to fast?
Fasting is usually not required for vitamin D or B12 tests.
Treatment
If your levels are low, your doctor will advise the right dose and duration of supplements. Please don't take high-dose vitamin D on your own — too much can be harmful.
Frequently asked questions
What is a normal vitamin D level?
Many labs consider 30 ng/mL or above sufficient, 20–29 insufficient and below 20 deficient. Your report will show the range used.
Who is at risk of vitamin B12 deficiency?
Vegetarians, older adults, and people taking medicines such as metformin or long-term acidity medicines are at higher risk.
Is fasting needed for vitamin D and B12 tests?
Usually no fasting is required.
General information only, not a substitute for advice from your doctor. In an emergency, go to the nearest hospital.